Hearing loss can be categorized as conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Conductive hearing loss occurs when there is a problem conducting sound waves to the inner ear. It can be caused by conditions like ear infections, earwax buildup, or abnormal bone growth. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs due to damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve and is often related to aging, noise exposure, or certain medical conditions. Treatment options for hearing loss may include hearing aids, cochlear implants, or other assistive devices.